{"id":16455,"date":"2024-11-08T15:07:06","date_gmt":"2024-11-08T15:07:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nanion.de\/?post_type=resource_library&#038;p=16455"},"modified":"2024-11-08T15:07:06","modified_gmt":"2024-11-08T15:07:06","slug":"2024-dissecting-the-membrane-association-mechanism-of-aerolysin-pores-at-femtomolar-concentrations-using-water-as-a-probe","status":"publish","type":"resource_library","link":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/resource_library\/2024-dissecting-the-membrane-association-mechanism-of-aerolysin-pores-at-femtomolar-concentrations-using-water-as-a-probe\/","title":{"rendered":"2024 &#8211; Dissecting the Membrane Association Mechanism of Aerolysin Pores at Femtomolar Concentrations Using Water as a Probe"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Aerolysin is a bacterial toxin that forms transmembrane pores at the host plasma membrane and has a narrow internal diameter and great stability. These assets make it a highly promising nanopore for detecting biopolymers such as nucleic acids and peptides. Although much is known about aerolysin from a microbiological and structural perspective, its membrane association and pore-formation mechanism are not yet fully understood. Here, we used angle-resolved second harmonic scattering (AR-SHS) and single-channel current measurements to investigate how wild-type (wt) aerolysin and its mutants interact with liposomes in aqueous solutions at femtomolar concentrations. Our AR-SHS experiments were sensitive enough to detect changes in the electrostatic properties of membrane-bound aerolysin, which were induced by variations in pH levels. We reported for the first time the membrane binding affinity of aerolysin at different stages of the pore formation mechanism: while wt aerolysin has a binding affinity as high as 20 fM, the quasi-pore and the prepore states show gradually decreasing membrane affinities, incomplete insertion, and a pore opening signature. Moreover, we quantitatively characterized the membrane affinity of mutants relevant for applications to nanopore sensing. Our study provides a label-free method for efficiently screening biological pores suitable for conducting molecular sensing and sequencing measurements as well as for probing pore-forming processes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","products_tags":[40],"resource_type":[75],"application_areas":[53,99],"therapeutic_areas":[143],"target_categories":[341],"target_families":[349],"targets":[259],"resource_keyword":[],"class_list":["post-16455","resource_library","type-resource_library","status-publish","hentry","products_tags-orbit-mini","resource_type-publication","application_areas-assay-development-and-validation","application_areas-pores-and-toxins","therapeutic_areas-assay-development-and-validation","target_categories-pores-and-toxins","target_families-prokaryotic-pores","targets-aerolysin"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_library\/16455","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_library"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/resource_library"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16455"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"products_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/products_tags?post=16455"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=16455"},{"taxonomy":"application_areas","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/application_areas?post=16455"},{"taxonomy":"therapeutic_areas","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/therapeutic_areas?post=16455"},{"taxonomy":"target_categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/target_categories?post=16455"},{"taxonomy":"target_families","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/target_families?post=16455"},{"taxonomy":"targets","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/targets?post=16455"},{"taxonomy":"resource_keyword","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_keyword?post=16455"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}