{"id":16117,"date":"2024-04-04T12:41:14","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T12:41:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nanion.de\/?post_type=products&#038;p=16117"},"modified":"2024-09-24T12:36:11","modified_gmt":"2024-09-24T12:36:11","slug":"how-it-works","status":"publish","type":"products","link":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/products\/atlaz\/how-it-works\/","title":{"rendered":"How it works"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"pl-16117\" class=\"panel-layout\"><div id=\"pg-16117-0\" class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\"><div class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-16117-0\"><div id=\"pgc-16117-0-0\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\"><div id=\"panel-16117-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_characters-max-header-widget panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"0\"><div class=\"so-widget-characters-max-header-widget so-widget-characters-max-header-widget-default-d75171398898-16117\"><div class=\"characters-max-header\">\n\t<h4 style=\"color: #77c2a1;font-weight: 700;\">Quantitative live-cell analytics<\/h4><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-16117-0-1\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\"><div class=\"panel-cell-style panel-cell-style-for-16117-0-1\"><div id=\"panel-16117-0-1-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child\" data-index=\"1\"><div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p>The real-time, label-free monitoring of cellular behavior, including adhesion, proliferation, migration, and response to external stimuli, provides valuable insights into various biological processes and drug effects. In cellular biology, an impedance-based assay can be used to measure those changes and effects in cells. To measure impedance, small electrical currents are delivered to electrodes embedded in the cell culture substrate. Initially, when no cells are present, the electrical current flows easily, resulting in low impedance. However, upon introducing cells onto the substrate, they obstruct these electrical currents, leading to an increase in impedance.<\/p>\n<p>This technique enables the creation of cell-specific profiles, aiding in the observation of various proliferation and cell behavior patterns. Impedance is also sensitive to subtle changes in cell conformation, such as those caused by receptor-mediated signaling. If a perturbation causes cells to die or detach, the impedance decreases.<\/p>\n<p>The AtlaZ device operates by assessing changes in the complex impedance of a cell monolayer, e.g. triggered by receptor stimulation, effector cells such as CAR-T cells or toxic compounds. The system provides quantitative live-cell analysis by analysing the Cell Signal (Impedance IZI in Ohm) of adherent cells grown on 96-well plates with embedded planar gold-film electrodes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-16117-0-1-1\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-image panel-last-child\" data-index=\"2\"><div class=\"so-widget-sow-image so-widget-sow-image-default-113ccd71f3e6-16117\">\n<div class=\"sow-image-container\">\n\t\t<noscript><img src=\"https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/AtlaZ_-How-impedance-work.png\" width=\"658\" height=\"331\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/AtlaZ_-How-impedance-work.png 658w, https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/AtlaZ_-How-impedance-work-300x151.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 658px) 100vw, 658px\" title=\"AtlaZ_ How impedance work\" alt class=\"so-widget-image\"><\/noscript><img src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20658%20331%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" width=\"658\" height=\"331\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20658%20331%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 658w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 658px) 100vw, 658px\" title=\"AtlaZ_ How impedance work\" alt class=\"so-widget-image lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/AtlaZ_-How-impedance-work.png 658w, https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/AtlaZ_-How-impedance-work-300x151.png 300w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/AtlaZ_-How-impedance-work.png\">\n\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-16117-1\" class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\"><div class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-16117-1\"><div id=\"pgc-16117-1-0\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\"><div id=\"panel-16117-1-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_characters-max-header-widget panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"3\"><div class=\"so-widget-characters-max-header-widget so-widget-characters-max-header-widget-default-d75171398898-16117\"><div class=\"characters-max-header\">\n\t<h4 style=\"color: #77c2a1;font-weight: 700;\">AtlaZ applies impedance methodology<\/h4><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-16117-1-1\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\"><div class=\"panel-cell-style panel-cell-style-for-16117-1-1\"><div id=\"panel-16117-1-1-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child\" data-index=\"4\"><div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p>AtlaZ uses Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) to record a full spectrum of cell signals, thus providing a unique richness of information from cells. Depending on the data acquisition frequency, the system detects predominantly the resistive part of cell-cell and cell-matrix contacts at lower frequencies or predominantly capacitive currents across the cell membranes at higher frequencies as an indicator for electrode coverage. The latter is the basis for cell adhesion or migration assays. Thus, impedance data provide insights into various cell phenotypes, such as cell morphology changes as a result of signaling, proliferation, lateral migration or cytotoxicity in real-time and over prolonged periods of time.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-16117-1-1-1\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-image panel-last-child\" data-index=\"5\"><div class=\"so-widget-sow-image so-widget-sow-image-default-113ccd71f3e6-16117\">\n<div class=\"sow-image-container\">\n\t\t<noscript><img src=\"https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/AtlaZPromotion2024_V2.gif\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1080\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\" alt class=\"so-widget-image\"><\/noscript><img src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201700%201080%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1080\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\" alt class=\"so-widget-image lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/AtlaZPromotion2024_V2.gif\">\n\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-16117-2\" class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\"><div class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-16117-2\"><div id=\"pgc-16117-2-0\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\"><div id=\"panel-16117-2-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_characters-max-header-widget panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"6\"><div class=\"so-widget-characters-max-header-widget so-widget-characters-max-header-widget-default-d75171398898-16117\"><div class=\"characters-max-header\">\n\t<h4 style=\"color: #77c2a1;font-weight: 700;\"><\/h4><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-16117-2-1\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\"><div class=\"panel-cell-style panel-cell-style-for-16117-2-1\"><div id=\"panel-16117-2-1-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"7\"><div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p>In detail, EIS is a technique used to measure the electrical resistance of a system in response to an alternating current (AC) signal across a range of frequencies. Impedance (|Z|) considers both resistance and capacitance, making it valuable for studying the passive electrical properties of cell layers. By recording impedance at discrete AC frequencies within a specific spectral window (e.g., 0.1 - 100 kHz), EIS enables a comprehensive analysis of these properties.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-16117-3\" class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\"><div class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-16117-3\"><div id=\"pgc-16117-3-0\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\"><div id=\"panel-16117-3-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_characters-max-header-widget panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"8\"><div class=\"so-widget-characters-max-header-widget so-widget-characters-max-header-widget-default-d75171398898-16117\"><div class=\"characters-max-header\">\n\t<h4 style=\"color: #77c2a1;font-weight: 700;\">Optimal EIS frequency for cell sensing<\/h4><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-16117-3-1\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\"><div class=\"panel-cell-style panel-cell-style-for-16117-3-1\"><div id=\"panel-16117-3-1-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child\" data-index=\"9\"><div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p>The optimal recording frequency varies depending on the cell type and is determined empirically. Typically, it falls between 1 kHz and 50 kHz for most target cells as adhered to AtlaZ NSP-Z sensor plate. To identify the ideal frequency, researchers compare the impedance magnitude (|Z|) of a cell-covered electrode to that of a cell-free electrode. By plotting the ratio of these impedances across frequencies, a curve is generated, with the peak indicating the \"sweet spot\", the most sensitive frequency. This frequency offers the broadest range of relative change in impedance, making it most sensitive for detecting alterations in cell layer properties.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-16117-3-1-1\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-image\" data-index=\"10\"><div class=\"so-widget-sow-image so-widget-sow-image-default-113ccd71f3e6-16117\">\n<div class=\"sow-image-container\">\n\t\t<noscript><img src=\"https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Nanion_AtlaZ_How-it-works-figure-1_1200-754.jpg\" width=\"1200\" height=\"754\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Nanion_AtlaZ_How-it-works-figure-1_1200-754.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Nanion_AtlaZ_How-it-works-figure-1_1200-754-300x189.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Nanion_AtlaZ_How-it-works-figure-1_1200-754-1024x643.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Nanion_AtlaZ_How-it-works-figure-1_1200-754-768x483.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" title=\"How to determine the most sensitive frequency?\" alt class=\"so-widget-image\"><\/noscript><img src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201200%20754%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" width=\"1200\" height=\"754\" srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%201200%20754%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" title=\"How to determine the most sensitive frequency?\" alt class=\"so-widget-image lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Nanion_AtlaZ_How-it-works-figure-1_1200-754.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Nanion_AtlaZ_How-it-works-figure-1_1200-754-300x189.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Nanion_AtlaZ_How-it-works-figure-1_1200-754-1024x643.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Nanion_AtlaZ_How-it-works-figure-1_1200-754-768x483.jpg 768w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Nanion_AtlaZ_How-it-works-figure-1_1200-754.jpg\">\n\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><div id=\"panel-16117-3-1-2\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-last-child\" data-index=\"11\"><div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p><strong>How to determine the most sensitive frequency? <\/strong>Target cells adhere and proliferate. Upon reaching confluency, spectra for cell-free and cell-covered electrodes reveal the most sensitive frequency by plotting the ratio of the impedance magnitude |Z| of electrodes with cells and the impedance |Z| of electrodes without.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-16117-4\" class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\"><div class=\"bg-left panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-16117-4\"><div id=\"pgc-16117-4-0\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\"><div id=\"panel-16117-4-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_siteorigin-panels-builder panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"12\"><div id=\"pl-w64a3cc994a557\" class=\"panel-layout\"><div id=\"pg-w64a3cc994a557-0\" class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\"><div class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-w64a3cc994a557-0\"><div id=\"pgc-w64a3cc994a557-0-0\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\"><div id=\"panel-w64a3cc994a557-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-headline panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"0\"><div class=\"all-font-bold panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-w64a3cc994a557-0-0-0\"><div class=\"so-widget-sow-headline so-widget-sow-headline-default-98b37458d403\"><div class=\"sow-headline-container \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"sow-headline\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHow can we  help you?\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-w64a3cc994a557-0-1\" class=\"panel-grid-cell panel-grid-cell-empty panel-grid-cell-mobile-last\"><\/div><div id=\"pgc-w64a3cc994a557-0-2\" class=\"panel-grid-cell panel-grid-cell-empty\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-w64a3cc994a557-1\" class=\"panel-grid panel-has-style\"><div class=\"panel-row-style panel-row-style-for-w64a3cc994a557-1\"><div id=\"pgc-w64a3cc994a557-1-0\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\"><div class=\"tablet-50 panel-cell-style panel-cell-style-for-w64a3cc994a557-1-0\"><div id=\"panel-w64a3cc994a557-1-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\"><div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p>Contact our specialist Dr. Sonja St\u00f6lzle-Feix (<span class=\"ui-provider fz b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z ab ac ae af ag ah ai aj ak\" dir=\"ltr\">Director Scientific Affairs and Product Manager of Cell analytics systems<\/span>). Sonja is delighted to help you:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-w64a3cc994a557-1-1\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\"><div class=\"tablet-50 panel-cell-style panel-cell-style-for-w64a3cc994a557-1-1\"><div id=\"panel-w64a3cc994a557-1-1-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"2\"><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-w64a3cc994a557-1-1-0\"><div class=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\">\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p><strong><a href=\"mailto:Sonja@nanion.de\">Sonja@nanion.de<\/a><\/strong><br>\nor call: <strong>+49 89 2190 95-075<\/strong><br>\nor connect via <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/sonja-st%C3%B6lzle-feix-96472514\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>LinkedIn<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-w64a3cc994a557-1-2\" class=\"panel-grid-cell\"><div id=\"panel-w64a3cc994a557-1-2-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_image-out-container-theme-widget panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"3\"><div class=\"so-widget-image-out-container-theme-widget so-widget-image-out-container-theme-widget-default-d75171398898\">    <div class=\"img-out-container-warp\" style=\"max-width:420px;position:absolute;transform: translateX(120px); float:right; right:0; z-index: 10;\">\n        <style>.lazy-loader-background-element-1.lazyloaded{ background-image: url('https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Dotted-grid-1.svg') !important; }<\/style><noscript><style>.lazy-loader-background-element-1.lazyload{ background-image: url('https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Dotted-grid-1.svg') !important; }<\/style><\/noscript><div class=\"dotted-grid bottom-left mobile-disable-dotted-grid-aimation  lazyload lazy-loader-background-element-1 \" data-translatemarky=\"100\" data-translatemarkx=\"-100\" data-duration=\"180%\" data-mobilemargin=\"no\" style=\"width:340px;height:450px; max-width:100%;\"><\/div>        <div class=\"img-out-container\">\n            <noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"840\" height=\"1040\" src=\"https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sonja_840x1040-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt srcset=\"https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sonja_840x1040-1.jpg 840w, https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sonja_840x1040-1-242x300.jpg 242w, https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sonja_840x1040-1-827x1024.jpg 827w, https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sonja_840x1040-1-768x951.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px\"><\/noscript><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"840\" height=\"1040\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20840%201040%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" class=\"attachment-full size-full lazyload\" alt srcset=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20840%201040%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E 840w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sonja_840x1040-1.jpg 840w, https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sonja_840x1040-1-242x300.jpg 242w, https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sonja_840x1040-1-827x1024.jpg 827w, https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sonja_840x1040-1-768x951.jpg 768w\" data-src=\"https:\/\/nanion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/Sonja_840x1040-1.jpg\">        <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n    <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The real-time, label-free monitoring of cellular behavi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"parent":16115,"menu_order":86,"template":"","product_categories":[],"class_list":["post-16117","products","type-products","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/products\/16117","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/products"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/products"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/products\/16115"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16117"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_categories?post=16117"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}