{"id":6276,"date":"2023-02-17T06:53:22","date_gmt":"2023-02-17T06:53:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beta.nanion.de\/resource_library\/2018-the-multifaceted-antibacterial-mechanisms-of-the-pioneering-peptide-antibiotics-tyrocidine-and-gramicidin-s\/"},"modified":"2023-02-17T06:53:22","modified_gmt":"2023-02-17T06:53:22","slug":"2018-the-multifaceted-antibacterial-mechanisms-of-the-pioneering-peptide-antibiotics-tyrocidine-and-gramicidin-s","status":"publish","type":"resource_library","link":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/ja\/resource_library\/2018-the-multifaceted-antibacterial-mechanisms-of-the-pioneering-peptide-antibiotics-tyrocidine-and-gramicidin-s\/","title":{"rendered":"2018 &#8211; The Multifaceted Antibacterial Mechanisms of the Pioneering Peptide Antibiotics Tyrocidine and Gramicidin S"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Cyclic \u03b2-sheet decapeptides from the tyrocidine group and the homologous gramicidin S were the first commercially used antibiotics, yet it remains unclear exactly how they kill bacteria. We investigated their mode of action using a bacterial cytological profiling approach. Tyrocidines form defined ion-conducting pores, induce lipid phase separation, and strongly reduce membrane fluidity, resulting in delocalization of a broad range of peripheral and integral membrane proteins. Interestingly, they also cause DNA damage and interfere with DNA-binding proteins. Despite sharing 50% sequence identity with tyrocidines, gramicidin S causes only mild lipid demixing with minor effects on membrane fluidity and permeability. Gramicidin S delocalizes peripheral membrane proteins involved in cell division and cell envelope synthesis but does not affect integral membrane proteins or DNA. Our results shed a new light on the multifaceted antibacterial mechanisms of these antibiotics and explain why resistance to them is virtually nonexistent. Importance:Cyclic \u03b2-sheet decapeptides, such as tyrocidines and gramicidin S, were among the first antibiotics in clinical application. Although they have been used for such a long time, there is virtually no resistance to them, which has led to a renewed interest in this peptide class. Both tyrocidines and gramicidin S are thought to disrupt the bacterial membrane. However, this knowledge is mainly derived from in vitro studies, and there is surprisingly little knowledge about how these long-established antibiotics kill bacteria. Our results shed new light on the antibacterial mechanism of \u03b2-sheet peptide antibiotics and explain why they are still so effective and why there is so little resistance to them.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","products_tags":[98],"resource_type":[75],"application_areas":[99],"therapeutic_areas":[],"target_categories":[341],"target_families":[347],"targets":[211],"resource_keyword":[],"class_list":["post-6276","resource_library","type-resource_library","status-publish","hentry","products_tags-orbit-16-tc","resource_type-publication","application_areas-pores-and-toxins","target_categories-pores-and-toxins","target_families-pore-forming-toxins-and-antibiotics","targets-gramicidin"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_library\/6276","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_library"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/resource_library"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6276"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"products_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/products_tags?post=6276"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=6276"},{"taxonomy":"application_areas","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/application_areas?post=6276"},{"taxonomy":"therapeutic_areas","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/therapeutic_areas?post=6276"},{"taxonomy":"target_categories","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/target_categories?post=6276"},{"taxonomy":"target_families","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/target_families?post=6276"},{"taxonomy":"targets","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/targets?post=6276"},{"taxonomy":"resource_keyword","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nanion.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_keyword?post=6276"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}